The phenomenon of banditry on the roads of northern Cameroon arose with cross-border insecurity. At the beginning of the 1990s, roadside ambushes and kidnappings of cattle herders’ children became an endemic danger. The armed robbers are known as Zaraguina, and originate from the northwestern Central African Republic. At the decade’s end, the highwaymen spread their banditry across Cameroon: to the Adamawa, East, North and Far North provinces. In their jurisdictions, traditional authorities try to put an end to the Zaraguina, and the central government has tried to improve its “anti-gang” tools to combat the highwaymen. The troubles have been strongly concentrated around Mbororo herder communities; consequently, the Mbororo appear to be both victims and perpetrators of this plundering. However, the violence generates revenue for the real economy, and this criminal industry also involves others, following an entrepreneurial logic that serves commerce and transportation.