This paper examines recent developments in Rwanda's relations with two of its neighbors, with whom it has had particularly complex relationships in the past, namely the Democratic Republic of Congo and Uganda. The first part of the paper looks at Rwanda-Uganda relations, and in particular at the relationship between Paul Kegame and Yoweri Museveni, from their meeting and friendship to the first signs of a conflict that has so far been narrowly averted. Next, it examines in detail the "cold war" between Rwanda and Uganda that lasted from early 2001 to May 2005. The Rwandan involvement in Congo, which is well known and widely documented, is thoroughly analyzed before the issue of a regional political order is discussed. Finally, the alarming situation in the Kivu Province is taken up in the last section.