Resilience in the face of climate change, an introduction

Africa is warming faster than the rest of the world, with an increase of more than 0.5°C per decade over the last 30 years. By 2035, extreme weather events are expected to become the main risk in sub-Saharan Africa, followed by biodiversity loss and natural resource scarcity. Natural disasters have increased the number of internally displaced persons in Africa sixfold in 15 years, with 7.8 million movements in 2024, mainly due to flooding. Adaptation is essential, with examples of resilient agricultural practices underway in countries such as Ghana and Ethiopia, which promote agroecological diversity and water-efficient irrigation. Climate finance in Africa is insufficient, with an estimated need of $1.6 trillion by 2035. The transition to an inclusive green economy requires green skills and a focus on gender equality in climate investments. Local initiatives, often led by citizens, are showing concrete results in reducing energy expenditure and promoting sustainable consumption patterns. Climate change presents both threats and opportunities for Africa, which can leverage green technologies for sustainable development. The way forward combines traditional knowledge, innovation, and resource mobilization to ensure a sustainable and peaceful future for the continent.