Africa has been hard hit by the global economic crisis. Initially exogenous and above all financial in nature, it has exacerbated various internal crises already present in the region. Like the DRC, which is a test case in many respects, Africa could experience severe setbacks that could wipe out the progress achieved over the past few years. What is needed are short-term responses supported by international institutions, but fundamental reform is also required. This could present an opportunity for States to implement radical structural reforms and strengthen their governance.