After several unsuccessful attempts, a new reform of the public administration began during the transition period heralded by the Sun City Agreement of 2002. This recent initiative coincides with the revival of government relations with the international organizations and the bilateral donors that are encouraging and funding it. The reform aims to rebuild a well-functioning Congolese administration, which is presently crippled by myriad problems and contributes little to the country's development. This article describes the reform process and engages in a critical discussion of its results and implementation.